Summary: AAA+ proteins form asymmetric hexameric rings that hydrolyze ATP and thread substrate proteins through a central channel via mobile substrate-binding pore loops. Understanding how ATPase and threading activities are regulated and intertwined is key to understanding the AAA+ protein mechanism. We studied the disaggregase ClpB. which contains tandem ATPase domains (AAA1. https://herbsdailyes.shop/product-category/laboratory-glassware-and-plasticware-tubes/